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:This article concerns the Dutch Renaissance
painter; for the fictional LAPD detective, see his
creator Michael Connelly.


His true name was Hieronymus (or Jeroen) van Aken.
He signed some of his paintings with Bosch
(pronounced as Boss in Dutch), derived from his
birthplace 's-Hertogenbosch. In Spanish
language|Spanish he is often called El Bosco.

Born to a family of a Flemish painters, he spent
most of his life in 's-Hertogenbosch, a town in
the south of today's Netherlands, near Tilburg. In
1463, some 4000 houses in the town were destroyed
by a catastrophic fire, which the then about
13-year-old Bosch may have witnessed. This might
have been a contributing factor in his obsession
with Hell. He became a popular painter and even
received commissions from abroad. In 1488 he
joined the Brotherhood of Our Lady, an arch
conservative religious group of some 40
influential citizens of 's-Hertogenbosch.


==Style and works==
He produced several triptychs, works of three
paintings on wooden panels that are attached to
each other. Among his most famous is The Garden of
Earthly Delights. This triptych depicts paradise
with Adam and Eve and many wonderous animals on
the left panel, the earthly delights with numerous
nude figures and tremendous fruit and birds on the
middle panel, and hell with depictions of
fantastic punishments of the various types of
sin|sinners on the right panel.

These paintings have a rough surface from the
application of paint; this contrasts with the
traditional Flemish style of paintings, where the
smooth surface attempts to hide the fact that the
painting is man-made.

His other works include his Ship of Fools
(painting)|Ship of Fools painting.

Towards the end of his life, Bosch's style changed
and he created paintings with a small number of
large figures who appear to almost leave the
painting and stand close to the observer. An
example is The Crowning with Thorns.

Bosch never dated his paintings and signed only
some of them. All in all, about 25 paintings
remain today that are attributed to him. Philip II
of Spain bought many of Bosch's paintings after
the painter's death; as a result, the Prado Museum
in Madrid now owns several of his works, including
the Garden of Earthly Delights. 

Pieter Brueghel the Elder was influenced by
Bosch's work and produced several paintings in a
similar style, for instance the 1562 work The
Triumph of Death.

==List of works==
*The Extraction of the Stone of Madness (The Cure
of Folly) (1475–1480)
*The Epiphany (The Adoration of the Magi)
(1480–1490)
*St. Christopher Carrying the Christ Child
(1480–1490)
*The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things
(1485)
*St. John the Evangelist on Patmos (1485)
*The Marriage Feast at Cana (1485)
*Christ Carrying the Cross (1485–1490)
*Ecce Homo (Hieronymus Bosch)|Ecce Homo
(1485–1490)
*Haywain (painting)|Haywain (1485–1490)
(triptych)
*Death of the Miser (1490)
*Allegory of Gluttony and Lust (1490–1500)
*The Temptation of St. Anthony (1500) (triptych)
*Ship of Fools (painting)|The Ship of Fools (1500)
*The Wayfarer (1500–1502)
*The Garden of Earthly Delights (1504) (triptych)
*The Last Judgement (painting)|The Last Judgement
(1504)
*St. John the Baptist in the Wilderness (1505)
*Ascent of the Blessed (1500s)
*Christ Crowned with Thorns (1500s)
*The Conjurer (1500s)
*Fall of the Damned (1500s)
*The House of Ill Fame (1500s)
*St. Jerome at Prayer (1500s)
*Terrestrial Paradise (painting)|Terrestrial
Paradise (1500s)

== Bibliography ==
Jos Koldeweij/Bernard Vermet/Barbera van Kooij:
Hieronymus Bosch.  New Insights Into His Life and
Work, NAi Publishers, Rotterdam 2001, ISBN
90-5662-214-5.

==See also==
*Early Renaissance painting
*media:Conjurer_Bosch.jpg|The Conjurer by Bosch

==External links==
Commons|Hieronymus Bosch
*http://www.abcgallery.com/B/bosch/bosch.html
Hieronymus Bosch at Olga's Gallery
*http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/bosch/
Hieronymus Bosch Gallery at ibiblio