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James Tobin (March 5, 1918 – March 11, 2002)
was a United States economist.

He graduated from University Laboratory High
School of Urbana, Illinois and Harvard University,
served as an economic advisor to the government of
John F. Kennedy, and taught for many years at Yale
University. In 1955 he won the John Bates Clark
Medal, and in 1981 he won The Bank of Sweden Prize
in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel|the
Nobel Prize in economics.

Tobin advocated and developed the ideas of
Keynesian economics.  He believed that governments
should intervene in the economy in order to
stabilise output and avoid recessions.  His
academic work included pioneering contributions to
the study of investment, monetary and fiscal
policy and financial markets.

Outside of academia, Tobin became widely known for
his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange
transactions, now known as the "Tobin tax."  This
was designed to reduce speculation on currency
markets, which he saw as unproductive.  He also
suggested that the proceeds of the tax could be
used to fund projects for the benefit of Third
World countries, or to support the United Nations.

==See also==
* Tobin's-q|Q Ratio (Tobin's Q ratio)

==External links==
*
http://www.nobel-winners.com/Economics/james_tobin
.html James Tobin
* http://kilop.atspace.com/tobin-press.html his
analysis of financial markets and their relations
to expenditure decisions, employment, production
and prices.