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John Russell is the name of several notable
individuals, including:

*Lord John Russell, 1st Earl Russell –
British Prime Minister (It is generally
considered incorrect to refer to Lord John Russell
as John Russell, because his honorific was a
courtesy title treated as part of his name, not
indicating a peerage.)
*John Conrad Russell, 4th Earl Russell
*John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford – Tudor
statesman
*A number of the Duke of Bedford|Dukes of Bedford
*Reverend John Russell – dog breeder (Jack
Russell terrier)
*John Russell (actor)|John Russell –
American actor (1921 - 1991)
*John Russell (baseball)|John Russell - former
Major League  Baseball player
*John Russell (painter)|John Russell -
England|English painter (1745-1806)
*John Scott Russell – 19th century
physicist, discoverer of solitons in water waves
*John Henry Russell – Commadant of the
Marine Corps (1872-1947)
*John Henry Russell (Negro Baseball)|John Henry
Russell – Negro League baseball player 
*Lieutenant-Colonel John Russell (royalist)
commander of Prince Rupert|Prince Rupert's
Regiment of Foote known as the Bluecoats during
the English Civil War, later a member of the
Sealed Knot.

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John Russell Pope (April_24, 1874 - August 27,
1937) was an architecture|architect most known for
his designs of the Jefferson Memorial (completed
in 1943) and the West Building of the National
Gallery of Art (completed in 1941) in Washington,
DC.

Pope was born in New York in 1874, the son of a
successful portrait painter.  He studied
architecture at Columbia University and graduated
in 1894.  He received a scholarship to attend the
newly-founded American Academy in Rome, a training
ground for the designers of the "American
Renaissance." Pope travelled for two years through
Italy and Greece, where he studied and sketched
and made measured drawings of more Romanesque,
Gothic, and Renaissance structures than he did of
the remains of ancient buildings. Pope was one of
the first architectural students to master the use
of the large-format camera, with glass negatives. 
Pope attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris,
France|Paris in 1896, honing his Beaux-Arts style,
returning to New York in 1900, to spend a few
practical years in the office of Bruce Price
before opening a practice.

Throughout his career, Pope designed private
houses (including for the Vanderbilt family: see
Vanderbilt houses), and other public buildings
besides the Jefferson Memorial and the National
Gallery, such as the massive Masons|Masonic Temple
of the Scottish Rite (1911 - 1915), also in
Washington, and the triumphal-arch Theodore
Roosevelt Memorial at the American Museum of
Natural History in New York City. In 1919 he
provided a master plan for the future growth of
Yale University, one that was significantly
revised by James Gamble Rogers in 1921 with more
sympathy for the requirements of the city of New
Haven, Connecticut, but which kept the Collegiate
Gothic unifying theme offered by Pope. Pope's
original plan is a prime document in the City
Beautiful movement in city planning.

Pope's designs alternated between revivals of
Gothic architecture|Gothic, Georgian
architecture|Georgian, eighteenth-century French,
and classical architecture|classical styles.  The
Jefferson Memorial and the National Gallery of Art
were both neoclassicism|neoclassical, modelled by
Pope on the Roman Pantheon, Rome|Pantheon.

Less known projects by Pope include Union Station,
Richmond, Virginia (1919), with a central rotunda
capped with a low saucer dome, now housing the
Science Museum of Virginia; Baltimore Museum of
Art; and in Washington the Masonic Temple of the
Scottish Rite (1911-1915), Constitution Hall,
Pharmaceutical Building, and the National Archives
Building (illustration, left). In Milwaukee,
Wisconsin he provided a severe Georgian
architecture|neo-Georgian clubhouse for the
University Club (1926). He designed additions to
the Tate Gallery and British Museum in London, an
unusual honor for an American architect, and the
War Memorial at Montfaucon, France.

In 1991 an exhibition at the National Gallery of
Art, "John Russell Pope and the Building of the
National Gallery of Art" spurred the reappraisal
of his work, which had been scorned and derided by
the critics of International Modernism.

==External links==
*http://www.library.yale.edu/archives300/exhibits/
building/part1/page1.htm Steven McLeod Bedford,
John Russell Pope: Architect of Empire e-text of
introduction, outlining the curriculum of academic
American instruction in architecture
*http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/wisconsin/milw
aukee/pope/university.html University Club,
Milwaukee
*http://www.library.yale.edu/archives300/exhibits/
building/part1/page1.htm Yale University plan,
1919
*http://www.adphicornell.org/adphicor/Archives/200
0s/Alpha-Delt-house-2003.jpg Alpha Delta Phi at
Cornell, John Russell Pope, architect