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Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin (June 7, 1848 - May 9,
1903) was a leading
post-impressionism|Post-Impressionist painter. His
bold experimentation with coloring led directly to
the Synthetism|Synthetist style of modern art.

Born in Paris, France, he descended from
Spain|Spanish settlers in South America and the
viceroy of Peru, and spent his early childhood in
Lima, Peru|Lima. He was the grandson of Flora
Tristan, a founder of modern feminism. After his
education in Orléans, France, Gauguin spent six
years sailing around the world in the merchant
marines and then in the French navy.  Upon his
return to France in 1870, he took a job as a
broker's assistant. His guardian Gustave Arosa, a
successful businessman and art collector,
introduced Gauguin to Camille Pissarro in 1875.



A successful stockbroker during week-days, Gauguin
spent holidays painting with Pissarro and Cezanne.
Although his first efforts were clumsy, he made
visible progress. By 1884 Gauguin had moved with
his family to Copenhagen, where he unsuccessfully
pursued a business career. Driven to paint
full-time, he returned to Paris in 1885, leaving
his family in Denmark. Without adequate
subsistence, his wife and children returned to her
family.

Like his friend Vincent Van Gogh, with whom he
spent nine weeks painting in Arles, Paul Gauguin
experienced bouts of depression and at one time
attempted suicide.  Disappointed with
Impressionism, he felt that traditional European
painting had become too imitative and lacked
symbolic depth. By contrast, the art of Africa and
Asia seemed to him full of mystic symbolism and
vigour.



Under the influence of folk art and
Ukiyo-e|Japanese prints, Gauguin evolved towards
the manner he called Cloisonnism. In The Yellow
Christ (1889), often cited as a quintessentual
Cloisonnist work, image was reduced to areas of
pure colour separated by heavy black outlines. In
such works Gauguin paid little attention to
classical perspective and boldly eliminated subtle
gradations of colour — he dispensed with the
two most characteristic principles of
post-Renaissance painting.

In 1891, Gauguin, frustrated by lack of
recognition at home and financially destitute,
sailed to the tropics to escape European
civilization and "everything that is artificial
and conventional." He remained first in Tahiti and
later in the Marquesas Islands for most of the
rest of his life, returning to France only once.
His works of that period are full of
quasi-religious symbolism and an exoticized view
of the inhabitants of Polynesia.

He is buried in Calvary Cemetery, Atuona|Calvary
Cemetery (Cimetière Calvaire), Atuona, Hiva
Oa|Hiva ‘Oa, Marquesas Islands, French
Polynesia.



==Legacy==

The vogue for Gauguin's work started soon after
his death. Many of his later paintings were
acquired by the Russian collector Sergei Shchukin.
A substantial part of his collection is displayed
in the Pushkin Museum. Gauguin paintings are
rarely offered for sale; their price may be as
high as United States dollar|$39.2 million.

In 2003, the Paul Gauguin Cultural Center opened
in Atuona in the Marquesas Islands.

Paul Gauguin's life inspired Somerset Maugham to
write The Moon and Sixpence.

== List of paintings ==



* The Seine in Paris between the Pont d'léna and
the Pont de Grenelle (1875)
* The Seine at the Pont d'Iéna, Snowy Weather
(1875)
* Apple-Trees in Blossom (1879)
* Effect of Snow (1879)
* Portrait of Gauguin's Daughter Aline
(c.1879-1880|80)
* Aube the Sculptor and His Son (1882)
* At the Window (A la fenêtre) (1882)
* Mandolina and Flowers (1883)
* Bouquet (1884)
* Cattle Drinking (1885)
* Still Life with Mandolin (1885)
* Study for the Bathers (1886)
* The Four Breton Girls (1886)
* Breton Shepherdess (1886)
* Washerwomen at Pont-Aven (1886)
* At the Pond (1887)
* Huts under Trees (1887)
* Palm Trees on Martinique (1887)
* Head of a Negress (1887)
* Madame Alexandre Kohler (c.1887-1888|88)
* Still Life with Three Puppies (1888)
* Breton Girls Dancing, Pont-Aven (1888)
* Breton Girls Dancing (1888)
* Madeleine Bernard (1888)
* Vision after the Sermon; Jacob Wrestling with
the Angel (1888)
* Women from Arles in the Public Garden, the
Mistral (1888)
* Hay-Making in Brittany (1888)
* Bouquet of Flowers with a Window Open to the Sea
(Reverse of Hay-Making in Brittany) (1888)
* The Alyscamps (1888)
* Harvesting of Grapes at Arles (Misères
humaines) (1888)
* Fruits (1888)
* Ceramic Vase with a Caricature Self-Portrait
(1889)
* Bonjour, Monsieur Gauguin (1889)
* Still Life with Fan (1889)
* The Schuffenecker Family (1889)
* Caricature Self-Portrait (1889)
* Self-Portrait with Yellow Christ (1889)
* Ondine (1889)
* Yellow Hay Ricks (Fair Harvest) (1889)
* Nirvana, Portrait of Meyer de Haan (1889)
* La Belle Angèle (Portrait of Madame Satre)
(1889)
* Be in Love and You Will Be Happy (1889)
* Eve. Don't Listen to the Liar (1889)

* Study for La perte de Pucelage (The Loss of
Virginity) (c.1890-1891|91)
* Mimi and Her Cat (1890)
* Portrait of a Woman with Cézanne Still-Life
(1890)
* Haystacks in Brittany (1890)
* Landscape (1890)

* Vahine no te tiare (Woman with a Flower) (1891)
* Te Faaturuma (Brooding Woman) (1891)
* Les Parau Parau (Conversation) (1891)
* The Meal (The Bananas) (1891)

* The Fisherwomen of Tahiti (1891)
* Black Pigs (1891)
* Self-Portrait (1891)
* Self-portrait (1891)
* Head of a Woman (c.1891-1892|92)
* Vaïraumati tei oa (Her Name is Vairaumati)
(1892)

* Aha oe feii? (Are You Jealous?) (1892)
* Fatata te miti (Near the Sea) (1892)
* Musique barbare (c.1891-1893|93)
* Parau Api (What's New?) (1892)
* Vahine no te vi (Woman with a Mango) (1892)

* Piti Teina. (Two Sisters) (1892)
* Taperaa Mahana (1892)
* Joyeuseté (Arearea) (1892)
* Tahitian Eve (c.1892)
* Words of the Devil (c.1892)
* Nafea Faa ipoipo? (When Will You Marry?) (1892)
* Study for "When Will You Marry?" (c.1892)
* Fatata te mouà (At the Foot of a Mountain)
(1892)
* Self-Portrait (c.1890|1890s)
* Matamoe (Landscape with Peacocks) (1892)
* Parau na te varua ino (Words of the devil)
(1892)
* Merahi metua no Tehamana (Ancestors of Tehamana)
(1893)
* Aita Tamari vahina Judith te Parari (Annah the
Javanese) (1893)
* Te Tiare Farani (Bouquet of Flowers) (1893)
* Pastorales Tahitiennes (1893)
* Eü haere ia oe (Woman Holding a Fruit) (1893)
* Tahitian Landscape (1893)
* The Messengers of Oro. Illustration for
'L'Ancien culte mahorie', leaf 24 (1893)
* Pape Moe (Mysterious Water) (1893)
* Self-Portrait (c.1893-1894|94)
* Portrait of William Molard. Reverse of
Self-Portrait (c.1893-1894|94)
* Floral and Vegetal Motifs (1893)
* Tahitian Woman in a Landscape (1893)
* Breton Landscape (The "Moulin David") (1894)
* Breton Village in Snow (1894)
* Portrait of Mother (1894)
* Siesta (1894)
* Two Breton Women on the Road (1894)
* Head of Young Breton Peasant Woman (c.1894)
* The Cellist (Portrait of Upaupa Scheklud) (1894)
* Mahana no atua (Day of God) (c.1894)
* Nave Nave Moe (Sacred Spring) (1894)
* Ceramic vase with Tahitian Gods - Hina and
Tefatou (c.1894-1895|95)
* Vairumati (1896)
* Te arii vahine (The King's Wife) (1896)
* Self-Portrait (1896)
* No te aha oe riri? (Why Are You Angry? (1896)
* Eiaha Ohipa (Not Working) (1896)
* Still Life with Mangoes (1896)
* Scenes from Tahitian Life (1896)
* Bouquet of Flowers (1896)
* Te Arii Vahine (Queen) (1896)
* Self-Portrait (1896)
* Te Vaa (The Canoe) (1896)
* Te Tamari No Atua (Nativity) (1896)
* Baby (The Nativity) (1896)
* Tarari maruru (Landscape with Two Goats) (1897)
* Man Picking Fruit from a Tree (1897)
* Nevermore, O Taiti (1897)
* Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We
Going?|D'où venons nous? Que sommes-nous? Où
allons-nous? (Where Do We come from? What Are We?
Where Are We Going?) (1897)
* The White Horse (1898)
* Rave te hiti aamy (The Idol) (1898)
* Te Pape Nave Nave (Delectable Waters) (1898)
* Horse on Road. Tahitian Landscape (1899)
* Motherhood (Women on the Shore) (1899)
* Te avae no Maria (Month of Maria) (1899)
* Three Tahitian Women Against a Yellow Background
(1899)
* The Great Buddha (1899)
* Two Tahitian Women with Mango Blossoms (1899)
* Three Tahitians (1899)
* Tahitian Woman (c.1900)
* Ford (Running Away) (1901)
* Sunflowers (1901)
* Tahitian Idyll (1901)
* And the Gold of Their Bodies (Et l'or de leurs
corps) (1901)
* The Call (1902)
* Girl with a Fan (1902)
* Horsemen on the Beach (1902)
* Barbarous Tales (1902)
* Adam and Eve (1902)
* Still Life with Parrots (1902)
* Mother and Daughter (1902)

* Haere Mai (date unknown)
* In the Vanilla Grove, Man and Horse (date
unknown)

== External links ==


Commonscat|Paul Gauguin

*http://www.fantasyarts.net/Gauguin.htm Paul
Gauguin Biography and Paintings
*http://www.wooop.com/impressionism/Paul_Gauguin/
All paintings from Paul Gauguin
*http://www.abcgallery.com/G/gauguin/gauguin.html
Paul Gauguin at Olga's Gallery
*http://www.wbur.org/arts/2005/48693_20050101.asp
WBUR's interactive look at the Boston MFA's
Gauguin collection