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Hausner, Rudolf

(b.  Vienna, 4 Dec 1914 - d. Vienna, 25 Feb 1995).
Austrian painter, draughtsman, printmaker and
sculptor. He studied at the Akademie der Bildenden
Künste in Vienna from 1931 until 1936. During
this period he also travelled to England, France,
Italy, Greece, Turkey and Egypt. After he was
designated a 'degenerate' artist in 1938,
exhibition of his work was banned in Germany. He
was a soldier from 1941 until 1945. In 1942 he
married Grete Czingely. Before allying himself
with and co-founding the Vienna School of
Fantastic Realism his works were mainly
Expressionist-influenced images of suburbs,
still-lifes and female models, most of which he
destroyed.

In 1944 he marries Irene Schmied. During the last
days of the war he is assigned to an air defense
unit. After the war he returns to his bomb-damaged
studio and resumes work as an artist. In 1946 he
founds a surrealist group together with Edgar
Jené, Ernst Fuchs, Wolfgang Hütter and Fritz
Janschka. They are later joined by Arik Brauer and
Anton Lehmden. He joins the Art-Club and had his
first one-man exhibition in the Konzerthaus,
Vienna. A key work of this period, It's me! (1948;
Vienna, Hist. Mus.), shows his awareness of
Pittura Metafisica and Surrealism in a
psychoanalytical painting where the elongated
being in the foreground penetrates what was
apparently a real landscape, until it tears like a
backdrop; another painting, Forum of Inward-turned
Optics (1948; Vienna, Hist. Mus.), is evidence of
his ability to depict the subject in a realist
style while simultaneously overturning the laws of
one-point perspective. He marries Hermine Jedlicka
in 195; their daughter Xenia Hausner, also an
artist, is born the same year. After working on
the painting for six years he completes his
masterpiece The Ark of Odysseus in 1956. The Ark
of Odysseus (1948-51 and 1953-6; Vienna, Hist.
Mus.), depicts the hero as a self-portrait and was
a precursor to the series of Adam paintings in
which Hausner painted his own features.

In 1957 Hausner paints his first "Adam" picture.
He comes into conflict with the Surrealist
orthodoxy, who condemn as heretical his attempt to
give equal importance to both conscious and
unconscious processes. In 1959 his co-founds the
Vienna School of Fantastic Realism together with
Ernst Fuchs, Wolfgang Hutter, Anton Lehmden, Arik
Brauer, and Fritz Janschka. In 1962 Hausner met
Paul Delvaux, René Magritte, Victor Brauner and
Dorothea Tanning while travelling in Germany, the
Netherlands, Belgium and France. The 1st Burda
Prize for Painting is awarded to him in 1967. In
1969 he is awarded the Prize of the City of
Vienna; he separates from Hermine Jedlicka and
moves to Hietzing together with his daughter Xenia
and Anne Wolgast, who he had met in Hamburg in
1966, and is...

From 1966 until 1980 he was a guest professor at
the Hochschule für Bildende Künste in Hamburg.
He also taught at the Acad. of  Fine Art, Vienna.
Among his students are Joseph Bramer, Friedrich
Hechelmann, Gottfried Helnwein, Michael
Engelhardt, and Siegried Goldberger. Hausner was
awarded the Austrian State Prize for Painting in
1970.

Hausner has been described as a "psychic realist"
and "the first psychoanalytical painter" (Gunter
Engelhardt)...

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Die Wiener Schule des Phantastischen Realismus
(exh. cat., Hannover, Kestner-Ges., 1965)

W. Schmied: Rudolf Hausner (Salzburg, 1970)

V. Huber, ed.: Rudolf Hausner: Werkzeichnis der
Druckgraphik von 1966 bis 1975 (Offenbach am Main,
1977)

H. Hollander: Rudolf Hausner Werkmonographie
(Offenbach am Main, 1985)

R. Hausner, Adam und Anima, (exh. cat., Bad
Frankenhausen, Panorama Mus., 1994)